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GOMBINED NEEDLE AND CORD AND MODE 0? UNITING THE SAME. No. 362,374.Patented May 3, 188'7.

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-UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELLA N. GAILLARD, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ERNEST MARX, OF SAMEPLACE.

COMBINED NEEDLE AND CORD AND MODE OF UNITING THE SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 362,374, dated May 3,1887.

Application filed May 20, 1886. Serial No. 202,789.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLA N. GAILLARD, of

' New York, in the county of New York and State .part of thisspecification, and to the figures and letters of reference markedthereon.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the structure andmethod of manufacturing needles of the character forming thesubjectmatter of Patent N 0. 149,034, granted to me March 31,1874. Insaid patented invention the attachment between the needle and cord waseffected by forming a longitudinal threaded socket in the end of theneedle, into which the end of. the cord or other material was inserted.In practice it was found that in order to properly secure the needle tothe thread or cord by this means the threaded socket had to be made ofsuch dimensions as to greatly weaken the rear end of the needle.Moreover, great difficulty was experienced in the manufacture of saidneedles, owing to the fact that each needle had to be first drilledlongitudinally and the threads formed therein, during which operationsthe needle was liable to be broken or split and thus destroyed orrendered incapable of maintaining its hold upon the cord when attachedthereto. To overcome these difficulties, incident alike to the structureand method of manufacture, and at the same time to preserve theadvantages and improve the article itself, is the object of my presentinvention, which latter consists, essentially, informing the socket inthe rear end of the needle by first forming a longitudinal groove in theend of the blank, and preferably by compression; secondly, inserting orlaying the end of the cord in said groove,and,

thirdly, bending the edges of the grooved portion over and upon thecord, thereby forming the longitudinal socket and at the same timesecuring the end of the cord therein.

The said invention also embraces the formation of screw-threads orprojections upon the inner walls of the socket by and during theoperation of forming the longitudinal groove, thereby giving additionalstrength to what must necessarily be the weakest portion of the (Nomodel.)

needle, at the same time insuring the retention of the cord in thesocket formed, and permitting the needle to be renewed, as by unscrewingit from the cord, to be used as described in my before-mentioned patent.

The invention also embraces the improved form and construction" of theneedle made in this way.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents my improved needle asapplied to the thread or cord and ready for use. Figs. 2, 3, and 4illustrate different steps in the process of manufacture. View of theneedle detached from the thread or cord.

Similar letters in the several figures represent the same parts.

My improved needle A consists of the body portion a, of substantiallyuniform diameter, provided at one end with a point, a, and at the otherwith a socket, a for the insertion and retention of the cord or threadB,which latter is of substantially the same diameter as the body a ofthe needle.

It is desirable that the attachment between the cord B and needle A atthe socket should be strong enough to prevent the cord from beingdetached when the needle is forced through the material, and at the sametime the needle should not be so weakened as to be readily broken indrawing thecord. It is, moreover, desirable that the diameter of theneedle should not materially, if at all, exceed that of the cord, and,further, that the needle should be free from loose or projecting cornersor edges, which, by catching against the material to be sewed, operateto weaken the attachment and permit the needle to be drawn off from the,

cord.

While my patented needle embodies some of these desirable features, itis found in practice that the needle is unduly weakened at the rear orsocket end in the manufacture, and the attachment to the cord is not sopermanent and secure as desired; hence, to overcome these and otherdefects, instead of drilling the end of the needle to form the socket,and subsequently forming therein theretaining-ridges, projections, orthreads, I first reduce theend of the blank between dies or otherwise toform a 10ngitudinal groove, 9, said reduced portion being madeconcavo-convex in cross-section,with the Fig. 5 is an enlarged center ofthe concave side at or below the longitudinal center of the blank, asshown in Fig. 2.

If, as is preferred, the socket is to be provided with retaining-points,projections, or screw-threads, they are formed on the 'inner surface ofthe concave portion by or during this preliminaryswaging of the blank,asshown by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The longitudinal groove thus formed inthe end of the blank is of such depth and dimensions relative to thediameter of the needle and the cord to which it is to be applied as thatwhen the end of the cord is placed therein, as shown in Fig. 3, and thesides are bent around and closed down upon the cord, as shown in Fig. 4,which is done in dies, under a hammer, or by drawing through adie-plate, as will be readily understood, the socket will be perfectlyformed and the end of the cord will betightly clasped therein withoutunduly increasing the diameter of the rear end of the needle orweakening the socket or the attachment to the cord, while the edges ofthe socket portion, lying parallel with the body of the needle,will notoffer any opposition to the passage of the needle through the materialto be sewed, nor form edges that can catch upon the latter and therebyassist in effecting the separation of the needle from the cord.

By forming screw-threads upon the inner surface of the socket, ashereinbefore described, not only is the manufacture greatly facilitatedand all liability of breaking the socket during the operation of tappingthe latter (as in my prior patent) avoided, but a much cheaper andstronger article is produced, possessing all the advantages of my priorpatented invention. Moreover, the threads thus formed serve tostrengthen the socket and prevent the latter from bending or crushingwhen in use.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- 1. Theherein-described article of manufacture, consisting ofacombined cord anda solidbodied needle, the same comprising a cord clamped within thegrooved end of the needle and having the edges of said inelosing endlying in the direction of the length of the needle and offering noobstruction to the passage of the latter through the material,substantially as described.

2. The herein'described article of manufacture,consisting of a. combinedcord and a solidbodied needle, the same comprising a cord clamped withinthe grooved and internallyroughened end of the needle, theinelosingedges of said end lying in the direction of the length of theneedle and ofl'ering no obstruction to the passage of the latter throughthe material, substantially as described.

3. The herein-described improved method of forming needles and securingcords thereto, as described, which consists in first swaging the end ofthe blank to spread the metal and form thelongitudinal groove; secondly,placing the end of the cord in said longitudinal groove; thirdly,bending the metal at the sides over and upon the cord with the edgessubstantially parallel with the body of the needlc,and finallycompressing and reducing the socket so formed, as and for the purposeset forth.

4. The improved method of manufacturing needles and attaching cordsthereto, as herein described, which consists in forming the concavelongitudinal groove on one side of the end of the blank and at the sametime upsetting projections or screw'threads upon the surface thereof;secondly, inserting the endof the cord in said groove,and finallybending the opposite sides of the grooved portion over upon the cord toclasp the latter and embed the projections or scrcwthreads,substantially as described.

ELLA N. GAILLARD.

\Vitnesses:

CHARLES H. Snrrn, JOSEPH A. CUTTER.

